Min. Response (deg.)

Max. Response (deg./sec.)

Damping (ft-lb/rad/sec)

Axis

Time (sec.)

Visual

Visual

Longitudinal

1

45 / cube root(GW + 1000)

-

8 * I_yy^.7

Lateral

0.5

27 / cube root(GW + 1000)

20

18 * I_yy^.7

Directional

1

110 / cube root(GW + 1000)

-

27 * I_yy^.7

Damping Requirement:

Period:

Visual Flight:

Instrument Flight:

< 5 sec.

1/2 amplitude in 2 cycles

5 - 10 sec.

At least lightly damped

10 - 20 sec.

Not double in 10 sec.

> 20 sec.

No requirement